The survey found that nearly half of surveyed companies (47 percent) now auto-enroll their employees into their defined contribution (DC) plan. Additionally, one-third of those that do not currently auto-enroll are considering it. Watson Wyatt's survey was conducted in March and April 2009, and includes responses from 149 mainly large companies, representing a total of more than 2 million employees across a broad range of industry sectors.
Nearly all companies (96 percent) have a default investment option. The number of companies using lifecycle or target-date funds as their default investment option has increased significantly, from 38 percent in 2006 to 62 percent today. More than 10 percent still offer stable value and money market funds as their default, despite Department of Labor (DOL) regulations issued in 2007 that stated that these options would not be given fiduciary protection.
Plan sponsors that auto-enroll their employees use a median initial contribution rate of 3 percent, with a range from 1 percent to 7 percent. Slightly more than half (51 percent) of the plan sponsors that auto-enroll also automatically increase the contribution rate by a certain amount each year for their participants. The final contribution rate is between 3 percent and 20 percent, with a median rate of 6 percent.
"While plan sponsors have made progress towards encouraging greater participation, saving and educated decision making, there is still room for improvement," said Robyn Credico, senior retirement consultant at Watson Wyatt. "Designing the optimum plan is tricky and requires plan sponsors to juggle many factors including overall plan design, investment, communication and governance. However, the potential upside is great and could cause DC plans to emerge stronger from the current economic crisis."
Other findings include:
- Having 10 to 14 investment fund options is most common, but 11 percent of employers offer 25 or more.
- Thirty-eight percent of employers offer company stock as an investment option.
- Investment fees vary considerably. Most funds (57 percent) have an average investment fund expense between 0.50 percent and 0.84 percent. Larger DC plans tend to pay lower investment fund fees compared with smaller DC plans. Twenty-one percent of the DC plans with less than $100 million in assets have an average investment fund expense of 0.85 percent to 1.24 percent, while only 3 percent of DC plans with $1 billion or more in assets have an average investment fund expense in that range. The survey did not address whether funds are actively or passively managed.
- Twenty-two percent of plans saw a decrease in recordkeeping fee rates from 2007 to 2008, while 31 percent of plans with more than $1 billion in assets saw a decrease.
