Debt financing is not the answer for SMEs. There seems to be an across the board consensus that Indian SMEs have not been able to fully tap their potential and keep pace with India's growth because of their inability to access greater sources of financing. For the vast majority of Indian SMEs, the high domestic interest rate regime (prime rate of 12.75% to 13.25%) continues to be a substantial hindrance. Furthermore, the ability to raise debt financing outside India (typically referred to as External Commercial Borrowings (ECBs) is strictly regulated by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).
No IPO boom for Indian SMEs in Indian stock markets. The Indian stock markets including the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and the National Stock Exchange (NSE) have essentially ignored the robust Indian SMEs. The average size of an Indian IPO rose to approximately $100 million in 2007-2008. Meanwhile, smaller Indian companies seeking to raise funds of less than that amount have found it increasingly difficult to raise funds through Indian stock market listings. According to data gathered by the Securities and Exchange Board of India, only 104 companies raised capital in the range of $2.5 million to $125 million in March 2007 fiscal year. No companies have raised money in the $1.25 million to $2.5 million range since April 2007. Finally, only 52 companies have been able to raise funds in the range of $2.5 million to $125 million in the March 2008 fiscal year.
There are few smaller Indian IPOs because Indian merchant bankers prefer to work on bigger IPOs that earn them bigger fees, as the work required for a small IPO compared to a large IPO is relatively the same. Also, the regional stock exchanges, where the majority of SMEs would list themselves if possible, face stiff competition from India's two major stock exchanges, the BSE and the NSE.
The Emissary Approach. Instead of having Indian SMEs rely on Rupee loans with very high interest rates, Emissary's unique strategy involves providing equity financing together with U.S. public stock market listings to Indian SMEs. Being a U.S. public company provides Indian SMEs with increased exposure and visibility as well as prestige. Also, U.S. public companies enjoy better valuations than their private company counterparts which is integral to Indian companies' long term success as the Indian growth story continues to unfold in the near future.